Bag



Dec. 14, 1943.. s. D. ANDREW A2,336,584

BAG

Filed Dec. 27', 1938 5 SheecS-Sheei'I 1 BY -Mfq ATTORNEY.

'bmg 45 Dec. 14, 1943.

s. D. ANDREW BAG Filed Dec. 27, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 14, 1943. s. D. ANDREW BAG Filed Deo. 27, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 14, 1943. $.13, `ANDREW 2,336,584

BAG

Filed Dea. 27, leasel 5 sheets-sheet 4 rp? 179:15. ffy-.16. a

ATT RNEY.

Dec. 14, 1943. s. D; ANDREW 2,336,584

File'd Dec. 27, 1938 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATTO HEY.

Patented 14, 1943 Sumner DI Andrew, Camden, Ark., assig'nor to Bagpak, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application December z'i, 193s, serial Ne. 247.921-

(cl. `tzal-62.5)

`4 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in shipping containers and more particularly to an improved shipping sack or bag made of 'a plurality of plies of paper or similar bag-forming material and provided with a filling opening of improved construction. s

In the packaging of certain types ofcommodities there is a demand for a heavy duty shipping sack having completely tight siftproof end cloaures.- Thisis true particularly of commodities iwhich are so expensive that even small lossesv by sifting of the material through theclosures of the bag is a serious item and also in those cases where the material may bepoisonous or corrosive. In general the inventionis particularly suitable for the packaging of any material which is costly or which would contaminate or be detrimental to adjacent objects. In the packaging art there has been developed the familiar type of valve bag, butv in the packaging of material of the class {above described this type of bag is not suitable since no commercially made valve bag will give complete assurance against sifting. Further in the packaging art. considerable development has taken place in the closing of open mouth bags either by tying the mouths shut or by sewing or sealing across the open' mouth. Eitherof these practices, however. requires the presence of considerable machinery in the packaging plant. Y When a valve bag is used it is impossible to get extreme exactitude of weighing -without an inordinate loss of time in attempting to add or remove small quantities of material through the valve opening. `This didiculty results principally from the fact that the filling spout enters the bag at right angles to the axis of the-bag. 'Accordingly, one of the many objects'of this invention is to provide a package which can be filled and sealed without the necessity of using elaborate, special nlling equipment andwhich can be nlled through a vertical spout. -When a vertical spout is used the material placed in the bag kcan be weighed accurately during the filling operation.

. Another object of the invention is to produce a completed package which. when the lling opening is sealed, will be entirely siftproof.

These and other features of this invention will become more apparent from a reading of the foliowing'description taken with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is aside elevational view of a bag prol vided at each end with a sewn closure;

Fig. a is a fragmentary elevational view ei e. closed end cfa bag of the type illustrated in Fig. 1, but showing a modified form of filling Opening:

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 3, but showing a diiferent form of lling opening:

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but showing still a diierent form of lling opening;

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of a bagprovided at each end with a satchel type of closure and being provided with a lling opening of the form illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a view in perspective of the bag illustrated in Fig. 6 in position for lling,'with the filling opening ready for the reception of the filling spout: .l

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing the iilling opening applied to a bag provided at each end with automatic opening or ABC type of closure;

Fig. 9 is a view in perspective of the bag illustrated in Fig. 8 in position for filling, with the lling opening ready for the reception of the lling spout:

Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are fragmentary views of the filling area of a bag illustrating the steps of closing the iilling opening after the bag has been filled.

Fig. 13 is an sectional view taken along the lines' ll3-I3 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a view in perspective of a bag of the well known square type provided with Videntical end closures and a filling opening oi.' the type shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary view of the filling area of a bag showing one preferred form of spotpasting together the plies of the bag forming the closing nap of the lling opening;

Fig. 16 is a view corresponding to Fig. 15 but showing a modied form of spot-pasting together the plies making up the closing nap;

. Flgs. 17, 18 and 19 are fragmentary views of.

the lling area of a bag showing alternative forms of iilling openings;

Figs. 20, 21 and 2'2 are views corresponding to Figs. 17, 18 and 19, but showing further modifications: Figs. 23 to 25, inclusive, are views corresponding to Figs. 10, 11 and 12, but showing a preferred form of iilling opening 1n a bag of the-Satchelbottom type of pasted bag and a method for closing the same and Fig. 26 shows a. closure forkthe automatic opening or ABC type of bag.

In order that the many features of the invention may be readily understood, an example of one type of material which may be successfully packaged in the bags forming the subject matter of this invention will be considered. In the handling of carbon black, a material largely used in the rubber industry and in other chemicals where bulk formulae are prepared on a basis of a specified number of bags, it is essential that a quantity of the material in the bag be weighed within very close limits. For example, an accuracy of plus or minus a quarter of an ounce in a total weight of twelve and one-half pounds is the normal tolerance allowed. Further carbon black is of extremely low density and for a relatively small wei-ght requires a rather large container. It is notoriously dirty and any sifting would result in discoloration of and damage to any objects in the vicinity of the package. Moreover, any sifting would soon result in the loss of -a suilcient amount of the material as to bring the weight of the packaged material outside of the allowable tolerance.

In accordance with the present invention a bag is provided which is tightly closed at both ends and is either provided with an opening cut in one side wall of the bag or in o ne end of the bag. The opening is only partially formed so that a flap is formed which can be turned back to expose the opening when the bag is to be filled. The opening is at all times placed in such location that it can readily receive a vertical spout Athrough which the bag may be filled while it is resting on a platform. The platform supports the entire weight of the bag and may be connected to and in most cases is a part of a scale or balance so that. the bag andcontents may be accurately weighed. The opening is sufficiently large to prevent friction between the filling spout and bag so that the bag can be given a slight overll, and then any excess can be removed by means of a scoop or other instrument so as to bring the bag to the exact weight.

When the weight of the bag has been corrected so as to bring it within the allowable tolerance, a piece of gummed tape or other impervious siftproof material is then placed over the opening, the flap being held out 'of the way. The nap is then laid down over the tape and a second piece -of similar material is placed over the ap. This second tape is of such proportions as to overlie the flap and thusto result in the formation of a the case of packaged carbon black, it is extremely advantageous to employ a` vertical rather than a horizontal spout since the use of bags of the valve` type presents many filling difficulties. With the `above general description of the invention, a detailed description of the various modifications illustrated in the drawings will now be given.

Referring now to the drawings in which like numerals indicate like parts, and more particularly to the modification disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2 there is shown a standard type of shipping or heavy duty bag 30 provided with sewn ends 3| and a siftproof tape 32 bent over the ends of the bag. Althoughthisform of bag is usually provided with a horizontally disposed valve for filling purposes or is filled and the closure then formed, the bag in accordance with the present invention is supplied by the manufacturer with both ends 5 closed.

' In one face of the bag and adjacent one end thereof is provided a semi-circular slit 33 forming a flap 34. When the iiap 34 is opened as illustrated in Fig, 2 there will be provided a semicircular opening 35 into which the vertically extending spout 36 may be inserted. As will further be noted, the bag is formed from a plurality of plies of paper or the like, certain of which may be treated with various materials, depending upon the particular commodity to be packaged. Due to the fact that the filling opening lends itself to the use of a simple vertically extending spout, conventional weighing and filling machinery may be employed. Small quantities of material can be added to or taken from the bag through the opening to insure accurate Weight. As has been previously described, particularly in connection with the use of carbon black, manufacturers require extreme accuracy not obtainable when the valve-type form of bag is used.

A fter the bag has been filled the opening can easily be closed and rendered sift-proof in a manner to be hereinafter more fully described.

In Figs. 3, 4 and 5 there are shown modified forms of filling openings which may be used in the type of bag disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2. Thus in Fig. 3 a semi-circular slit 31 is provided adjacent the closed end 32' of the bag, but so positioned that the flap 34 may be bent upwardly 35 toward the upper end of the bag rather than downwardly as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. In

Figs. 4 and 5 the flaps 38 and 39, respectively, are

formed by slits and 4I, respectively, extending parallel with .the end of the bag and provided at eac-h end with divergent slits 42 and 43 and 44 and 445, respectively. As in the modifications disclosed in Figs. 1 and 3 the slits in Fig. 4 are so arrangedas to form a flap which may be bent downwardly from the end of the bag whereas the slits forming the nap of Fig. 5 are bent upwardly to provide the desired lling opening. The constructions illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 are advantageous when certain forms of sheet material are used to form the slits inasmuch as cutting dies having angular cutting faces may be used.

Dies having circular cutting faces are in many cases expensive to construct and to keep in satisfactory cutting condition.

Referring now to Figs. 6 and '1 there is shown a bag 46 provided with pasted end closures 41 and 48 of the satchel bottom type. In its flattened form ready for shipment to the user the slit 49 forming the flap 50 will be located adjacent the top edge 5l of one wall of the bag and on that wall thereof opposite to that against which rests the satchel type closure 41. When the bag is opened into filling position the satchel closure will form the top of the bag and the filling opening 52 will be positioned `iust below said top in said wall. As will be noted from an inspection of the flap and the wall of the opening the bag may be formed from a plurality of plies of bag making material.

lIn Figs. Sand 9 the filling opening is shown as applied to a bag 53 generally known as the automatic opening or ABC type of bag. In the embodiment shown the bag is provided at each end with automatic types of closures 54 and 55 which permit the bag to be squared up and set on end without undue manipulation. As in the modito advantage.

ocation illustrated in Figs. c and 7. the sut ss `forming the closing flap 51 is located in that wall of the bag opposite to the wall against whichv rests the closure 54 forming the top of the container when the latter is set up into filling position. When in such position the opening 58 will be located just below the top of thebag` In Figs. 10, 1l, 12 and 13 there has been illusit is desired to remove flap 18, pressure on liap 19 trated fragmentary views of a Wall of a bag and showing the manner in which the filling openings of any of the preceding modifications can' be closed after the bags have been filled. Before the fiap 59 is inserted intolthe opening 60 a strip 6| lof siftproof, impervious material as, for example, gummed tape, is adhesively secured thereover. The iiap 59 is then pressed against said strip and a second strip 62 of siftproof, imperf vious material and of greater area than either flap 59 or strip 6| overlies and is adhesively secured over both the iiap and the first strip. It will be noted that by the use of both strips an impervious, siftproof closure is formed. vAs illustrated in Fig. 13 the bag is formed from a plurality of plies of bag making material.

In Fig. 14 there is shown a bag 63 known in the art as a square bag and provided with end closures 64 and 65 formed by securing extensions 66 and 61 to opposed bag walls. Adjacent the end closure 64 is located a slit 58 forming a flap 69 which, when bent back, provides .a filling opening.' Y)

Since the bags using the filling openingsfthe subject matter of this invention, are usually made from a plurality of plies of bag making material, and are known in the art`as multi-ply bags, it is sometimes advisable to secure together the-.plies making up the respective aps in order to facilitate the opening thereof preparatory to filling the bags. Accordingly thereare shown in Figs. 15 and 16 two preferred methods of securing the plies together.` In Fig. 15 a line of paste 10 is provided between adjacent plies so located as to cross the highest part of the slit 1| when the slit is formed. When the flap is opened up the plies will not separate since the paste lines will be at the point where the user of the bag would normally start the opening operation. Similarly the plies of the bag proper also are held together atthis point. .f

In Fig. 16 the adhesive is applied in the form of two semi-circular areas of adhesive 12 located between adjacent plies and as a matter of econamy the adhesive is applied in accordance with standard spot pasting methods. In either modification disclosed in Figs. 15 or 16, the adhesive is applied during the bag making operation and prior to the formation of slits. In the modification disclosed in Fig. 16, the slit 13 is formed between the semi-circular areas ofA adhesive. Either of the methods disclosed in Figs. 15 and 16 or analogous methods may be used with any of the vmodifications disclosed in the several views.

will facilitate the grasping of iiap 18. This forml is of advantageif extremely stiff material is used in making the bag.

In Fig. 19 the semi-circular slit 80 forming flap 8| is provided with an indentation forming a supplementary flap' 82. This type of closure functions similar to the closure of Fig. 18.

Referring now to Figs. 20, 21 and 22 there is shown a still further modified form of the invention. In Fig. 20 the filling opening is formed by' a slit 83 in the form of an inverted T;'in Fig. 21

the filling opening is formed by a slit 84 in the form of a T; and in Fig. 22 the filling opening is formed by a pairv of slits 85 and 86 inthe form of a cross. In using these filling openings formed or the like indicated at 81 in Fig. 20; 88 in Fig.

21 and 89 in Fig. 22 in dotted outline.

1n Figs. z3, 24 and 25 there has been shown ay form of filling opening designed particularly for use in a satchel type of end closure and differs over the modification illustrated in Figs. 6 and '1 in that the opening is located in the top'of the bag rather than in one of the walls thereof. In Fig. 23 the construction of the opening is shown and certain detailsof the construction of a conventional satchel type closure has been illustrated in order clearly to disclose the invention. In the formation of a Satchel closure, portions 98 and 9| of the bag tube are drawn inwardly generally leaving a space between them. Opposite Wall portions 92 and 93 are then brought into overlapped relation to complete the closure.

In accordance with the present invention these latter wall portions are slit during the tube forming operation to provide aps 94 and 95. These I aps are preferably so located .with respect to the edges 96 and 91 of the wall portions 90 and 9| that when turned back they will expose an opening 98 extending into the interior .of the bag. It

Aco

In Figs'. 17, 18 and 19 there are shown modified circle. Since, when the flap 15 is bent backward in order to expose ythe filling opening, a certain strain will be setup at each end of the .sl-it, and inasmuch asthe paper indicated by the line 16 functions as a hinge, there would be a normal tendency forV the paper to tearl vertically downward from the ends of said hinge. By continuing the slit along the circumference of the same circle will be appreciated that the edges of the wall portions 96 and 91-may extend into said opening as the filling spout will -readily push them aside. In some instances the edgesmay overlap so as to necessitate their being cut during the flapforming operation. Obviously it will be more economical to .form a closure in which these edges are not overlapped.

After the bag 99 has been filled, it is closed by first adhesively securing a strip of siftproof, impervious material as', for nexample, gummed tape over the opening 98. Flap 94 is then folded over the strip and the flap is then folded over liiap 94. After the flaps are folded into position 'a second strip '|81 of impervious, sift-proof material as, for" example, gummed tape is then adhesively secured to the top ofthe bag to comyplete the siftproof closure.

innig. 26 the same type of mung opening and closure as illustrated in Figs. 22 to 25, inclusive, is shown applied to an automatic or ABC type of closure. The bag |02 is provided with a iilling opening which i s closed by a strip of siftproof, impervious material such as gummed tape. The closure flaps |03 and |04 are then positioned over the strip |05 and these aps are secured in the invention is applicable equally to single-ply bags and bags of other forms of construction. Similarly the shape of the iilling opening may be varied within Wide limits without departing from the spirit or scope-of the invention. The specific shape of the filling opening and the location thereof will depend in part on the particular problems and requirements of the user of the bags. The invention is therefore not to be confined to the modifications herein disclosed and is not to be limited except by the scope of the claims appended hereto which are to be broadly construed.

I claim:

1. In a bag of the class described provided with a closureof the Satchel bottom type at each end thereof, one of said closures being provided with a filling opening formed by severing opposed walls Within the area deiined by said Satchel bottom to provide overlapping flaps which may be bent back upon themselves to provide a filling opening.

2. In a filled bag of the class described pro vided with a closure at each end and provided bag.

strip and said ap and being adhesively secured thereto and to the Wall of the bag.

3. In a filled bag of the class described provided with a closure at each end and provided with a filling opening in one of said closures a pair 4of overlapping flaps normally closing said opening, means to seal said overlapping flaps in position after the bag is filled and to prevent sifting or Ylealrage of the contents through the filling opening comprising a strip of impervious material adhesively secured over the opening, and a second strip of impervious material holding said overlapping flaps against said first named strip, and being of such size as to overlie said first named strip and flaps, said second strip being adhesively secured to the material of the closure adjacent said opening.

4. In a filled bag of the class described provided with a closure at each end and provided with a filling opening in one of the Walls thereof, means to close said opening comprising a strip of impervious material secured over the said opening, a closure flap overlying said strip of impervious material and formed from the material from which lthe bag is constructed, and a second strip of impervious material of greater extent than said iirst mentioned strip and overlying the first strip and said ap and being adhesively secured thereto and to the wall of the som D. ANDREW. 

